On Dr. Martin Luther King Day, 2016

Society, , , , , ,

Captured from Dr. Drew’s show on the HLN network, this picture shows Dr. Drew Pinsky’s discussion with Don Lemon of CNN.  They, Dr. Drew’s panel, and audience guests discussed Race In America, and especially the N- word.  I think this was a rerun of an earlier show.DSC08890

I figured this is in honor of Dr. Martin Luther King Day, and continuing his legacy.  As a white person I am hoping to honor his legacy by relaying the information below.

There was a lot of discussion of who can say this word.  Some takeaways were:

  • White people cannot say this word to anybody.
  • Black people can say this word to each other.
  • Saying it may be very pejorative.
  • Saying  it may be a term of  “endearment”.
  • If it is said to some black people, they may fight the person who says it.
  • It was the last word that many lynched individuals heard before they died.
  • It is included in rap compositions.

The effects of the use of this word were discussed, as a means of communicating generational trauma.  Don Lemon mentioned a writing entitled Post Traumatic Slave Disorder, which some writer coined, and these two figured that this word could be a mechanism of this trauma.

One of the audience guests said that if black people use this word among themselves, this entitles non-black people to use this word.  I cannot say the N-word!

 

 

Natural Gas (Methane) Leak In Southern California

Climate, Regulation,

Here is an Environmental Defense Fund blog by Tim O-Conner, to help us understand the natural gas leak in Southern California.   He reports the following:

” Natural gas is mostly methane; a powerful pollutant that contributes to smog formation and global climate change, packing 84 times the warming power of carbon dioxide in the first 20 years it is in the atmosphere.   Aliso Canyon is the largest natural gas storage site in the Western U.S., operating under intense injection pressures and holding huge amounts of methane.”

This is a natural disaster, and the company had removed a safety valve which could have sealed off the leak.

Aliso Canyon _2

This picture is from another EDF blog, and it visualizes the leak.  This piece also says,

“Every day, the Aliso Canyon well is responsible for over a quarter of the state’s daily methane emissions from all sources, and these images show us just what those numbers look like. The mega-leak seen here has not only caused serious health problems for nearby residents, it’s also making a huge climate impact.

The Aliso Canyon incident is an example of the type of risks we face as natural gas infrastructure ages, and is a sobering reminder of how important it is to have rules that ensure gas stays in the pipeline — not in our air.

This post originally appeared on EDF’s Energy Exchange blog. 

on January 13, 2016  Mashable ‘s Andrew Freedman said that the gas leak is emitting as much pollution every day as 4.5 million cars.   He also said that the newest regulations will not cover such existing facilities.

We cannot afford this!

David Babson wrote a Union of Concerned Scientists blog in which he said that we need more accountability, and more responsibility on the part of the industry.

 

 

Methane Plus Oxygen Yields Carbon Dioxide and Water

Carbon dioxide, Climate, , ,

Visualized here is  a chemical reaction, the burning of a molecule of methane.   These  are made with an organic chemistry model kit,  wherein the elements carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen are represented by the black spheres,  red spheres,  and white spheres, respectively.

DSC00729 One methane molecule,  CH4, which is an atom of carbon bonded with four atoms on hydrogen, reacts with two molecules of oxygen (O2),  each of which consists of two atoms of oxygen bonded together,DSC00728

rearranges the atoms to yield one molecule of carbon dioxide (CO2), and two molecules of water (H2O).

People (scientists of different types, e.g. chemists, physicists, climatologists) study interactions of these molecules in the atmosphere.   Methane, carbon dioxide, and water are all greenhouse gases in order of decreasing strength per molecule.